1. Tikanga whakaheke wai mō te urunga o te turanga
E rua ngā āhuatanga o te tikanga whakaheke wai o te turanga. Ko tētahi, ko te wai toenga i muri i te whakaheke wai o te mata ka mimiti ki roto i te whenua mā te oneone turanga koretake, ā, i taua wā anō ka haere mā roto i te awaawa matapo i te turanga ka tukuna ki roto i te awaawa whakaheke wai i waho o te mara. I tētahi atu taha, ka taea hoki e ia te wehe i te wai whenua me te pupuri i te nui o te wai tūturu o te mata, he mea tino nui tēnei mō ngā papa whutupaoro tarutaru tūturu. He tino pai te tikanga whakaheke wai o te turanga, engari he tino kaha ngā whakaritenga mō ngā rauemi hangarau me ngā whakaritenga teitei mō te hangarau mahi hanga. Ki te kore e pai te mahi, kāore e mahi hei whakaheke wai me te whakaheke wai, ā, ka noho pea hei paparanga wai pūmau.
Te waikeri tarutaru horihoriKo te tikanga he waikeri whakauru. He hononga tata te pūnaha whakauru o raro whenua ki te hanganga o te papa, ā, ko te nuinga o ēnei he awaawa matapo (he awaawa waikeri o raro whenua). Ko te whānuitanga o te pari waikeri o te whenua o waho o te turanga tarutaru horihori e whakahaerehia ana i te 0.3%~0.8%, ko te pari o te mara tarutaru horihori kāore he mahi whakauru kāore i neke atu i te 0.8%, ā, ko te pari o te mara tarutaru horihori me te mahi whakauru he 0.3%. Ko te awaawa waikeri o te mara o waho kāore i iti iho i te 400㎜.
2. Tikanga whakaheke wai o te mata o te papaanga
He tikanga tēnei e whakamahia whānuitia ana. E whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā pari roa me ngā pari whakarara o tepapa whutupaoro, ka tukuna te wai ua ki waho o te mara. Ka taea e ia te mimiti i te 80% o te wai ua i te rohe katoa o te mara. Me whai i ngā whakaritenga tika me te tino pakari mō te hoahoa o te uara pari me te hanganga. I tēnei wā, he nui ngā papa whutupaoro tarutaru horihori e hangaia ana. I te wā e hangaia ana te paparanga turanga, me tino tupato te mahi me te whai i ngā paerewa kia pai ai te mimiti o te wai ua.
Ehara te papa whutupaoro i te papa whāiti noa iho, engari he āhua tuara honu te āhua, arā, he teitei te waenganui, he iti ngā taha e whā. He mea tēnei hei whakahaere i te rerenga wai ina ua. He nui rawa te wāhi o te papa, ā, he tarutaru kei runga, nō reira kāore e kitea.
3. Tikanga whakaheke wai ā-kaha
Ko te tikanga rerenga wai ākiaki ko te whakatakoto i tētahi nui o ngā paipa tātari ki te paparanga turanga.
Ka whakamahia te pānga korehau o te papu hei whakatere i te wai i roto i te paparanga turanga ki roto i te paipa tātari, ka tukuna ki waho o te papa. Nō roto i tētahi pūnaha rerenga wai kaha. Mā tēnei pūnaha rerenga wai ka taea te tākaro i te papa whutupaoro i ngā rā ua. Nō reira, ko te tikanga rerenga wai ā-kaha te mea pai rawa atu.
Mena ka kohia te wai i runga i te papa whutupaoro, ka pā ki te mahi me te whakamahinga noa o te papa, ā, ka pā hoki ki te wheako o te kaiwhakamahi. Ka pā hoki te kohi wai mō te wā roa ki te roa o te ora o te papa tarutaru. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia kitea te wae hanga tika mō te hanganga o te papa whutupaoro.
Wā tuku: 13 o Ākuhata 2024
